Antifoaming agents



Patented Mar. 23, 1937 Lawrence H. Flett, Hamburg, N. Y., assignortoNational Aniline & Chemical Company, Inc., New York, N. Y., acorporation of New York X YNo Drawing, Application March 8, 1935, SerialA No. 10,033

, V 18 Claims. This invention relates to the suppression of foaming ornothing of liquid compositions. It is in particular direeted toincorporatingin dye baths, dye pastes',1discharge pastes,and othertextile treatment compositions, an agentlwhich inhibits foaming orfrothing and makes possible more uniform treatment offthe textiles? Itwill be understood that by liquidcompositions I mean to include suchviscous liquids, as the dye pastes 0 and discharge pastes encounterediinthe textile treatment art as well'asthe more mobile liquidssuchasdyebaths. H m

Normally compositions prepared from certain dyes, discharges, or, othermaterials may tend to foam orfroth when the compositionlis agitated, aswhile the material is being workedfor the paste is being mixed.Thisiroth, eomingin contact with the, textile material causes" nonuniform contactof the solution and hence unequal and irregulantreatmentof the textilematerial.

I have found that byintroducing intosuch. a treatment composition asmall quantity, say 1% to 2%, or even less, of triamylaminqthe foamingor frothing maybeflargely or completely inhibited; Dther amines alsopossess this valuable property. 'Ihe generalelass oicompounds within thepurviewof the present invention are waterlnsoluble or only sparinglysoluble amines (designated collectively in the claims as aminessubstantially insoluble in water) which exist as liquids under theconditions of use and which are representedby the formula RlN R;'

, o3 wherein R1 denotes an aikyl, aryl, or aralkyl group, and R2 andRaeach denotes hydrogen, an ,alkyl group, or anaralkyl group, and thealkyl, aryl, and aralkyl groups each may contain oneor moresubstitutents. The primary, secondary, and tertiary non-substitutedaliphatic amines are superior in their efiects and are considered thepreferred embodiment of applicants invention. The diand trialkyl amines,containing up to 8 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, are especiallyvaluable. p do I. o

Examples of suitableamines are dibutylamine, diamylamine, caprylamine,tricaprylamine, dihexylamine, dimethylanillne," dibenzylamine, N-di-n-butybpropanolaniine, hydroxyethylaniline, 2-phenoxyethyl-amine, N 52 phenoxyethyl N methyl amine, N-2( o-methylphenoxy)ethyl-N-methyl-airline, and N,-2 (o-chIorphenoxy)ethyl- N-ethyl-amine. The amineshould be present in the aqueous liquid in the form of the free amine. AHowever, an amine salt, for instancethe sulfuric acid salt, may be addedto those compositions which, n99 ddltionttowater, will convert the saltto the free amine. Likewise. such amine salts may be added as defoamingagents to aqueous solutions which will convert thesalt at'least in partto the free amine. Normally, an alkaline solution will have this effect.

The following examples illustrate the tion. 7 Parts are by weight.

Example I.--A vat dye powder is prepared by thoroughly mixing thefollowing constituents, evaporating off water, and then grinding theresidue:

National vat Orange a (Q1. 1217) in the form of an aqueous pastecontaining 11% inven- Parts of dyestufi; 200

Leukanol (a condensation product of a naphthalene sulfonic acid andformaldehyde) 4 Sodium naphthalene-2-sulfonate-; 2 Cane sugar 46Sodium-isobutyl-sulfate I25 Triamylamine r 1 The resultant dye powdermay be made into a printing paste without the production of any substantial quantity of foam. A smooth paste capable of yieldingfull-strength prints of uniform shade is formed. Printed on textilefabric, it

yields a very brilliant orange.

Example Ha-A starch-gum-tragacanth mixture (A) is prepared by mixing 7Parts The printing paste thus prepared may be used for printing textilesin the usual manner without substantial foaming.

The National Vat Orange R used in the above examples ordinarily tends tofoam and thus causes considerable diiiiculty in applying it uniformly tothe fiber. By the use of triamylamine or another of the above-mentionedamines in the manner of the preceding examples, this difficulty is substantially completely avoided.

Example III.An acid color printing paste is prepared of the followingconstituents:

.Parts Wool Orange A (C. I. 151) 10 Water I Alcohol 1:1 solution ofBritish gum in water 119 Triamylamine 1 m Substantially no foaming orfrothing takes place in the mixing or application of this dye paste andit may be applied in the usual manner for printing textiles, yieldingfull-strength prints of excellent uniformity.

be prepared by mixing 1 Parts Ultramarine Blue (C. I. 1290) 50 Solutionconsisting of 25 parts albumen in 25 parts water 50 Glycerine 6 Gumtragacanth mixture containing 5% gum tragacanth and 95% water 93Triamylamine 1 This printing paste may be made up by suitably mixing theingredients and may be applied as in the preceding examples withoutformation of froth or foam. J

Example V.A discharge is prepared by mixing Parts Zinc oxide paste(containing 5 parts ZnO and 5 parts water) 1 Triamylamine 1 0 Reducingmixture containing 16% egg albumen 54% water 16% sodium hydrosulfite 14%gum tragacanth mixture containing 5% gum tragacanth and 95% water 20 Theprinting paste obtained by uniform admixture of these constituentscomprises substantially no foam and may be applied in the customary man-45 her.

Example VI.-A printing paste is prepared by mixing and developed in theusual manner for printing fast shades, without foaming or frothing.

Emample VII.A nitrosamine printing paste is prepared by mixing 5 PartsSodium salt of 2,3-hydroxynaphthanilide 3.8 Alcohol 5 Water 24 Sodiumdianisidine nitrosamine 2.2

70 Neutral starch tragacanth mixture (see Example VI) 64.5 0.5

The paste may be applied as in the preceding ex- 75 amples.

Triamylamine .r..

Example IV.-A pigment printing paste may Example VIII .-A nitrosamineprinting paste is made up of Parts Sodium salt of2,3-hydroxynaphthoic-otoluidide 3.6 Sodium metachlornitrosaniline 2.4Alcohol 5 Water 24 Neutral starch tragacanth mixture (see Example VI).64.6 Triamylamlne 0.4

Example IX.An aqueous solutioncontaining 0.2% of Gardinol W. A. (amixture of alkyl sulfates of aliphatic alcohols containing 12-18 carbonatoms) is shaken for a short time whereby a considerable layer of foam.is produced. Upon the addition of 0.02% of diamylamine to this foamingmixture, the'foam rapidly subsides and disappears within a short time.

If the diamylamine is added to a solution containing such a dispersingagent and the mixture is then shaken, substantially no foam is formed.In a similar manner, the foaming of solutions of soap, shellac,dextrine, sulfates and sulfonates of the higher alcohols, aromaticsulfonates, and other foam producing substances may be prevented. Theadditlon' of of one per cent of triamylamine to a dry diazo salt willprevent formation of foam upon dissolving the salt in water or uponpreparing printing pastes from it The terms alkyi", aryl, or aralkyigroup as used in the claims are intended to include groups containingsubstituents, -OH for example, as well as unsubstituted groups. The termalkyl group is intended to include cycloalkyl as well as straight andbranched chain alkyl groups.

I claim: v

l. The method ofinhibiting the foaming of an aqueous liquid having atendency to foam, which comprises incorporating therewith a smallquantity of a liquid amine substantially insoluble in water and havingthe following general formula wherein R1 represents an alkyl, aryl, oraralkyl group, and R2 and R: each represents hydrogen,

' an alkyl group, or an aralkyl group.

2. In applying to textile fibers an aqueous liquid' compositioncontaining a constituent that tends to produce foam, the improvementwhich comprises incorporating in said composition a liquid aminesubstantially insoluble in water and having the following generalformula 5. In'applying to textilelfibers' an aqueous iiq-" uidcomposition containing a constituent that tends to produce foam, theimprovement which ope-1,380

comprises incorporating lneald composition triemylemlne.

6. In the process of dyeing a textile fabric with a dye that tends toproduce foam, the step with a, vetdye that tends to produce foam, the

step which comprises applying to the fabric a vet dye paste comprisingsaid vet dye and eon taming a, small proportion of triemylamme.

3. An aqueous dye-paste comprising a dyestufl and a small proportion ofa liquid amine substentially insoluble inwater and having the followinggeneral formula.

Rwlf fla R:

wherein R1 denotes an group, and R2 and R3 each represents hydrogen, analkyl group, or an aralkyl group. A

9. Anoqueous dye paste comprising a dyestuff that tends to producefoanjljanrla polyamylamine.

elkyl, aryl, or amllgvl wherein R1 denotes an elkyl, aryl. or mlkslgroup, and R: and Rs each represents hydrogen, an alkyl group, or anaralkyl group.

v 12. An aqueous textile treatment batch contaming as an anitfoamingagent triam'ylamine.

13. A dye powder comprising a dyestufi and a. small proportion ofalllquld amine substantially insoluble in water and having the followinggen erel formula wherein R1 denotes an alkyl, varyl, or arm! group, andR2 and R3 each represents hyflxogen, an alkyl g'roup, or an aralkylgroup.

14. A dye powder comprising a dywtufl that tendsto produce foamtand asmall provortion of triamylamine.

15. The method of inhibiting the foaming of a liquid having a tendencyto foam, which oomprises incorporating therewith a small quantity of a.llquldpolyalkylemlne substantially insoluble in water.

16. An aqueous (lye paste comprising a dyestufl and a. small proportionof a liquid polyalkylamlne mining as an entlfoeming agent e liquidpolyelkylamin'e substantially lnsolublevln water.

13. A dye powder comprising adyestufi and a small proportlon of a liquidpolyalkylamme substantially insoluble in water,

bowl-REESE E.

